Brooder



y 936. J. R. WILLIAMS 2,039,673

BROODER Filed Nov. 19, 1954 Patented May 5, 1936 UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE 4 Claims.

the heat downward onto the floor space thereunder sufiiciently to keep the chicks warm.

In the ordinary canopy brooder, heat from the heating-drum or chamber radiates somewhat toward the floor, but most of it radiates inside the canopy and is then deflected toward the floor. I have found that only about of the heat radiated under the canopy is deflected downwardly, and the rest is absorbed or radiated upwardly.

The object of my invention is to eliminate the canopy usually required, and to effectively heat the floor space sufficiently without the use of a canopy, so that brooding conditions will be very substantially improved.

Inmy improved brooder, the chicks are always accessible and may be readily inspected since they are not confined under a dark, stuffy canopy.

The floor of the brooder-house may be eiiectively cleaned and swept without removing. a bulky canopy, such as has been necessary heretofore. The unit is very effective as a room heater for a brooder-house since the recirculating passageways cover such an area that a tremendous amount of air is warmed continuously, and is recirculated throughout the room, thereby materially improving brooding conditions.

This improved brooder is cheaper to manuiacture than the same size stove with the ordinary canopy due to the savings of material and labor in the large canopy and in the drum which is ordinarily provided in an oil burning brooder of the enclosed type.

In carrying out my invention, I utilize a base which encloses a central heating-chamber, within which is mounted a heater such as an oilburner of the usual type for heating brooclers, and I provide radially arranged circulating passageways which communicate with the heatingchamber and extend outwardly therefrom and then back to the top of the central casing for central discharge. These circulating passageways are arranged relatively close to the floor, normally about ten inches (l0 there is a suflicient number of them, and they are arranged sufi'iciently close together soas to heat thev floor space beneath and between the same tonormal brooder temperature without the space being enclosed or covered by a canopy. These radiating passageways are formed in casings of arms which are shaped to effect a substantial downward radiation of the-heat. v

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. I is a: top plan view of my improved brooder; V

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View therethrough; and

Fig. 3 is a detail transverse sectional view on the line 3-401 Fig. 2. 10

In the construction illustrated in the drawin the brood'ercomprises a central casing or base I, which is divided by a partition 2 into a combustion' chamber 3' and a top chamber 4, the I latter being closed by a top 5 which covers the top of the casing or base I.

Mounted in any suitable manner within the casing or base I is a burner or other heating ele-- ment designated 6, which, according to the illustration is shown as an oil-burner connected by a 20 pipe 7 to a source of oil supply 8. Connected in the pipe T is a thermostatically actuated control' device designate-d generally by the numeral 9*, which may be of well-known construction such as is ordinarily used for brooders, and which need not be described in detail herein. In order: to support combustion within the casing orbase i,. air may be admitted to the burner 6 through screened openings" IU arranged in the lower part of the base;

The casing or base I is provided with two series of openings II and I2 arranged respectively below and above the partition 2 at opposite ends of circulating passageways l3 which extend radially from the casing or base I.

Each of the circulating passageways I3 is formed in a structure designated as a radial arm M, which is constructed of upper and lower sections as shown in Fig. 3, separated by a partition I5, which extends outwardly from the periphery of the casing I approximately to the outer end of the arm I4, but leaving an opening around the end of the partition l5 suificient to permit the heating medium for the combustion chamber to pass from the lower to the upper portions of the circulating passageways l3. The outer end of the arm 14 is closed by an end wall l6.

Thus the circulating passageway l3 communicates at one end with the combustion chamber 3 and at the other end with the top chamber 4, so that the heating medium is circulated through the passageway l3 and returns into the chamber 4, from which it is discharged through a pipe H. In this way, the heat from the burner 6 is cent arm structures which enclose the circul-ating passageways l3, thus aifording sufiicient heat for the brooder without the necessity of a canopy which offers many disadvantages that have been eliminated by this invention.

The spaced arrangement of the radial arms l4 without a canopy or cover thereover, allows a recirculation of air within the brooder house between the arms. This maintains a freshair condition in the brooding area, and eliminates foul air by reason of the fact that the air around the chicks is recirculated upwardly between the arms to the upper part of the brooder house, then downwardly and into the brooding area, thus continually changing the air in the brooding area and recirculating the air in the brooder house. This provides better living conditions for the chicks and a more accessible brooding area.

I claim:

I 1. A'brooder comprising a base adapted to rest on a brooder floor and having a plurality of radial structures extending outwardly a substantial distance from said base, each of said structures having a passageway therein, means for supplying a heating medium to the inner ends of said passageways, flue means communicating with the outer ends of said passageways for discharge of said heating medium, said radial structures being spaced apart for recirculation of air therebetween, the lower walls of said radial structures forming downward heat radiating surfaces and being arranged adjacent the lower end of the base to be located relatively close to the floor.

2. A brooder comprising a base adapted to rest on a brooder floor and having a chamber therein'with a plurality of radial structures extending outwardly a substantial distance from an upper portion of said chamber, each of said structures having upper and lower passageways therein which communicate at the outer end of the medium to said chamber, said chamber come municating with the inner ends of the lower passageways, and a flue outlet communicating with the inner ends of the upper passageways, said radialstructures being spaced apart for recirculation of air therebetween, the lower walls of said radial structures forming downward heat radiating surfaces and being arranged adjacent the lower end of the base to be located relatively close to the floor.

3. A brooder comprising a base having a chambertherein with a plurality of radial arms extending outwardly from an upper portion of said chamber, each of said arms being tubular and having a horizontal partition therein dividing the arm into upper and lower passageways which communicate at the outer end of the arm, means for supplying a heating medium to said chamber, said chamber communicating with the inner ends of the lower passageways, and a flue outlet communicating with the inner ends of the upper passageways, said arms being'spaced apart and forming open-ended sector shaped interspaces, the space above and below the arms being unobstructed, thereby permitting ready access to and recirculation of air to and from the space below said arms, the lower walls of said arms forming downward heat radiating surfaces.

4. A brooder comprising a base having a chamber therein with a plurality of radial arms extending outwardly from an upper portion or said chamber, each of said arms being tubular and having a horizontal partition therein dividing the arm into upper and lower passageways which communicate at the outer end of the arm, a burner in said base for supplying 'a heating medium to said chamber, said chamber communicating with the inner ends of the lower passageways, and a'flue outlet communicating with the inner ends of the upper passageways, said arms being spaced apart and forming openended sector shaped inter-spaces, the space above and below the arms being unobstructed, thereby permitting ready access to and recirculation of air to and from the space below said arms, said arms having the outer walls of the lower passageways of greater area than the outer walls of the upper passageways and forming downward heat radiating surfaces.

JAMES RUSSELL WILLIAMS. 

